Neurotrophic keratopathy refers to a variety of conditions where the corneal nerves stop functioning.

Spasms occur when these nerves, without a known stimulus, cause contraction of the muscles they control.

Marginal keratitis refers to a hypersentivity reaction within the cornea to the bacteria on the eyelids and is seen as white dots.

Phlyctenulosis refers to a hypersensitivity reaction usually within the conjunctiva or cornea to the bacteria on the eyelids.

Recurrent corneal erosions occur when the epithelium, during sleep, starts to stick to the back of the eyelids and upon awakening rips open.

Rosacea is a common chronic skin condition that can affect facial skin by causing blood vessels to become visible, blushing, flushing , etc.

Pseudo-exfoliation syndrome is a condition whereby fibrous material leaks from the blood vessels of the eye and accumulates within the eye.

A pinguecula and a pterygium are two very similar ocular findings.

Trichiasis and distichiasis are two conditions that result in eyelashes being directed into the eye and causing discomfort.

Pigment dispersion syndrome is a typically bilateral (both eyes) condition where the iris rubs against the zonules and pigment clogs the eye

Scleral hyaline plaque and senile scleromalacia refer to the thinning of the sclera around the where the eye muscles attach to the eye.

Episcleritis is a common condition, usually without a known cause, often occurring in both eyes, involving inflammation of the episclera.

Giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC) occurs due to mechanical rubbing of foreign bodies on the inside of the upper lids.

Horner syndrome is a condition that is usually unilateral whereby the sympathetic nervous system pathway is disrupted.

Filamentary keratitis refers to a common, advanced state, of dry eye.

Subconjunctival hemorrhages occur when one of these small, delicate, blood vessels in the episclera or conjunctiva rupture and leak blood.

Epiphora, or excessive tearing, and tears running down your cheeks, are signs of either over production of tears or defective drainage.

Eyelid entropion occurs when, in most cases, the lower eyelids turn inwards towards the eye.

Glaucoma is a set of progressive conditions whereby the ganglion cells that form the optic nerve start to die thereby causing blind spots.

Fuch’s dystrophy occurs when there are enough failing endothelial cells that fluid starts accumulating and the cornea swells.